98 ɞɟɪɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɧɵɧɟɲɧɟɣ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ Ⱦɭɦɵ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɱɟɬɤɨɦ «ɦɭɠɫɤɨɦ» ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ – ɨɧɚ ɪɚɡɛɚɥɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ, ɧɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɚ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɧɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ, ɧɢ ɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɱɟɪɬɵ ɤɨɧɫɟɪɜɚɬɢɡɦɚ. Ɇ.ȼ. ɒɬɵɥɟɜɚ Ɇɭɪɦɚɧɫɤ, ɂɜɚɧɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɃɌɍɉɋɃɚ ɋȻɂȽɃɍɃɚ ȾɀɈȿɀɋɈɉɄ ɊɉɆɃɍɃɅɃ ɀȽɋɉɊɀɄɌɅɉȾɉ ɌɉəɂȻ Ɇɵ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɨ-ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬ ɜ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɬɪɨɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɝɟɧɞɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɦ ɋɨɸɡɟ. Ɉɩɢɪɚɹɫɶ ɧɚ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ȿɋ, ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɢ ɮɟɦɢɧɢɫɬɫɤɭɸ ɤɪɢɬɢɤɭ, ɦɵ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɥɢ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɝɟɧɞɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɚ ȿɋ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɷɬɚɩɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɫ 1950 ɩɨ 2009 ɝɝ., ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɬ ɫ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚɦɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ. Ɋɠɫɝɶɤ ɸɭɛɪ 1950–60-ɠ ɞɞ. ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟɦ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɋɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɟɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ, ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ ɠɟɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ «ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɜɨɥɧɵ». ɋɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɪɚɜɧɨɩɪɚɜɢɹ ɛɵɥ ɜɜɟɞɟɧ ɫɬɚɬɶɟɣ 119 Ɋɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ Ⱦɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɜɲɟɣ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɨɩɥɚɬɵ ɡɚ ɪɚɜɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɞ ɦɭɠɱɢɧ ɢ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ102. Ɋɚɜɧɚɹ ɨɩɥɚɬɚ ɛɟɡ ɞɢɫɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦ ɩɨɥɚ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɥɚ, ɱɬɨ ɨɩɥɚɬɚ ɡɚ ɪɚɜɧɵɣ ɫɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɞ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɩɥɚɬɟ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɜɨɡɧɚɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɬɭ ɠɟ ɫɚɦɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ. ȼ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɜɥɢɹɥɢ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ 1949 ɝ. ɬɚɤɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɋɨɜɟɬ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ, ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦ ɮɨɪɭɦɨɦ ɩɨ ɩɪɚɜɚɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ. ɋɨɜɟɬɨɦ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɛɵɥ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ ɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɋɨɸɡɚ «ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɹ ɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ 102 The Treaty of Rome. 1957. 25 March.
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