69 ɧɢɢ ɪɟɝɚɥɢɣ, ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɦ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥɫɹ ɞɢɧɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɰɟɧɚɪɢɣ, ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɨ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɨɛɪɹɞɚ. Ⱥ.ɉ. ɐɚɪɟɜɚ Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, ɇɚɰ. ɢɫɫɥɟɞ. ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ «ȼɵɫɲɚɹ ɲɤɨɥɚ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ» ɎɒȻɌɍɃɀ ɁɀɈɔɃɈ Ƚ ɊɉɆɃɍɃɒɀɌɅɉɄ ɁɃɂɈɃ ȻɈȾɆɃɃ XVIII – ɈȻɒȻɆȻ XIX ȽɀɅȻ ȼ XX ɜ. ɭ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɢɰ ɫɥɚɛɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɚ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɚɫɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɪɚɜɧɟ ɫ ɦɭɠɱɢɧɚɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ. Ⱦɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ ɦɨɝɥɢ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɥɢɹɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɢɯ ɦɭɠɶɹɦɢ ɜɚɠɧɵɯ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ. Ɏɚɧɧɢ Ȼɺɪɧɢ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɥɭɱɚɣ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɦɢɫɫɢɫ ɘɧɝ63 ɫɨɠɝɥɚ ɜɫɟ ɚɡɟɬɵ ɜ ɞɨɦɟ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɨ ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɩɪɢɟɡɞɟ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɫɬɜɨ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɜɨɢɦɢ ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɜɡɝɥɹɞɚɦɢ Ɍɨɦɚɫɚ ɉɟɣɧɚ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɟɟ ɦɭɠ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɚɥ ɟɝɨ ɧɚ ɨɛɟɞ64. Ⱦɚɥɶɧɨɜɢɞɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɫɬɚɪɚɥɢɫɶ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɡɚɪɭɱɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɨɣ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɦɭɠɱɢɧ, ɧɨ ɢ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɜ ɫɟɦɶɟ: ɨɧɢ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɫɧɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɚɹ ɢɯ ɩɚɪɬɢɟɣ ɠɟɧɚ ɧɚɣɞɟɬ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɜɥɢɹɬɶ ɧɚ ɦɭɠɚ. ɀɟɧɳɢɧɵ ɦɨɝɥɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɬɶ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɫɟɦɶɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɷɬɨ ɧɚɞɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ. ȼ ɩɢɫɶɦɟ ɥɟɞɢ ɋɩɟɧɫɟɪ ɤ ɞɨɱɟɪɢ ɨɩɚɫɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɵ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɹɪɤɨ: «ɇɟɜɡɢɪɚɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɬ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɥɸɞɢ, ɦɨɹ ɞɪɚɠɚɣɲɚɹ ɏɚɪɪɢɟɬ, ɹ ɭɦɨɥɹɸ ɬɟɛɹ ɧɟ ɜɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɵ ɩɨ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɨɞɢɨɡɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɭ…»65. Ɉɱɟɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɫɟɦɶɟ ɢɦɟɥɢ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɦɭɠɱɢɧɵ. ȼɨ-ɜɬɨɪɵɯ, ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɱɟɜɢɞɟɧ ɬɨɬ ɮɚɤɬ, ɱɬɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɨɳɪɹɥɨ ɱɟɪɟɫɱɭɪ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɜ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɛɚɬɚɥɢɢ, ɧɨ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɢɦ ɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɚɫɬɢɹ ɫɟɦɶɢ. 63 Ɇɚɪɬɚ Ⱥɥɥɟɧ, ɪɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɰɚ Ȼɺɪɧɢ, ɠɟɧɚ Ⱥɪɬɭɪɚ ɘɧɝɚ (1741–1820), ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɢɫɚɬɟɥɹ. 64 Burney F. The Journals and Letters of Fanny Burney: in 12 vols. Vol. I. Oxford, 1972. Ɋ. 159. 65 ɐɢɬ. ɩɨ: Chalus E. Elite Women in English Political Life c. 1754–1790. Oxford, N.Y., Auckland, 2005. Ɋ. 21.
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