14 ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɢ ɜɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɟ XIX – ɧɚɱ. XX ɜ. ɂɩɭɩɝɛ ɀ.ȼ. ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɠɟɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɧɚ ɪɭɛɟɠɟ XIX – ɏɏ ɜɜ. ɜ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɨɩɵɬɨɦ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɂɛɤɱɠɝɛ (ȼɛɮɧ) ɀ.Ȼ. ɉɟɪɜɵɟ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ-ɯɢɦɢɤɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɢɦɩɟɪɢɢ ȿɫɛɲ ɉ.Ȼ. ȼɵɫɲɟɟ ɠɟɧɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ / ɨɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɢɦɩɟɪɢɢ Ɋɩɪɩɝɛ ɉ.ȿ. ȼɵɫɲɟɟ ɠɟɧɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɧɚ ɪɭɛɟɠɟ XIX – ɏɏ ɜɜ: ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɹ ȿɠɧɣɟɩɝɛ ɉ.ɋ. ɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɫɤɚɹ ɢ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɚɪɶɟɪɚ ɜ ɷɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɢ: ɝɟɧɞɟɪɧɵɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ Ʌɩɭɩɝ Ȼ.Ɍ. ɀɟɧɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɭɦɚɯ: ɝɟɧɞɟɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬ ɢɥɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɝɟɧɞɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ? Ɍɭɛɫɩɝɩɤɭɩɝ ɇ.Ƀ. Ⱦɢɧɚɦɢɤɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɝɪɚɦɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ Ȼɟɥɨɪɭɫɫɤɨ-Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɶɹ ɜ 1920 – 1930 ɝɝ.: ɝɟɧɞɟɪɧɵɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ Ⱦɮɟɥɩɝɛ ɍ.Ƚ. ɗɜɨɥɸɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɝɟɧɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ȼɛɤɪɠɤɬɩɝɛ Ⱦ.ɇ. ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧɚ (1946 – 1965 ɝɝ.) Ɋɠɭɫɩɝɬɥɛɺ ɉ.Ƚ. Ⱦɨɫɬɭɩ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɤ ɜɵɫɲɟɦɭ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ: ɫɨɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ Ɍɛɧɛɦɷ ɀ.Ƚ. Ɋɨɥɶ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ ɜ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɦɭɠɱɢɧɵ 349 353 356 358 362 365 367 370 374 375 379 382
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NzQwMjQ=